Impact of the Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting on Functional Daily Living among Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Context: Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) is a common and unpleasant negative consequence of cancer therapy among colorectal cancer patients. It has the potential to significantly impact the patient's quality of life and may lead to reduced adherence to established therapeutic guidelines.

Aim: The study aims to explore the impact of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on functional daily living among patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted utilizing various electronic databases to locate pertinent studies, including PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Online (MEDLINE), and Google Scholar.

Results: The review indicates that colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with increasing incidence particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Saudi Arabia. Risk factors include age, genetics, and family history, along with modifiable behaviors such as unhealthy diet, obesity, smoking, alcohol intake, and physical inactivity. While early CRC is usually asymptomatic, advanced disease manifests with rectal bleeding, obstruction, and systemic complications. Preventive strategies such as screening and lifestyle modification reduce morbidity and mortality, and treatment varies by stage, incorporating surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a major challenge, impairing daily functioning and quality of life. Still, evidence supports a combination of pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and nursing interventions to improve patient outcomes.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) represent a prevalent and unpleasant negative consequence of cancer therapy among colorectal cancer patients. It can significantly affect the patient's quality of life and reduce treatment adherence. Therefore, a personalized approach to managing CINV should be implemented for colorectal cancer patients, tailored to each individual's specific needs and preferences. Ongoing research regarding new therapies and the optimization of existing management strategies is necessary to diminish the frequency and severity of CINV. These therapies lead to improved patient outcomes and enhanced quality of life.